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| image_1=British coinage reverse designs 2015.png | image_title_1=All frequently used coins. The coins shown are those after the extensive 2008 redesign. | iso_code=GBP | using_countries= ' (local issue: Guernsey pound) ' (local issue: Manx pound) ' (local issue: Jersey pound) | unofficial_users = | inflation_rate= 0.0%, February 2015. | inflation_source_date = () | inflation_method = CPI | ERM_since=8 October 1990 | ERM_withdraw=16 September 1992 (Black Wednesday) | pegged_by=Falkland Islands pound (at par) Gibraltar pound (at par) Saint Helena pound (at par) Jersey pound (local issue) Guernsey pound (local issue) Manx pound (local issue) Scotland notes (local issue) Northern Ireland notes (local issue) | subunit_ratio_1= | subunit_name_1=penny | symbol=£ | symbol_subunit_1=p | nickname=Quid | plural=pounds | plural_subunit_1=pence | frequently_used_coins=1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p, £1, £2 | rarely_used_coins=3p, 4p, 25p, £5, £20, £100, £500 (Silver Kilo), £1,000 (Gold Kilo) | coin_article=Coins of the pound sterling | frequently_used_banknotes=£5, £10, £20, £50 | rarely_used_banknotes=£1, £100 | banknote_article=Banknotes of the pound sterling | issuing_authority=Bank of England | issuing_authority_website= | printer= | printer_override_with_original_text=Y | printer_website= | mint=Royal Mint | mint_website= }} The pound sterling (symbol: £; ISO code: GBP), commonly known simply as the pound, is the official currency of the United Kingdom, Jersey, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, the British Antarctic Territory, and Tristan da Cunha. It is subdivided into 100 ''pence'' (singular: ''penny''). A number of nations that do not use sterling also have currencies called the ''pound''. At various times, the pound sterling was commodity money or bank notes backed by silver or gold, but it is currently fiat money, backed only by the economy in the areas where it is accepted. The pound sterling is the world's oldest currency still in use and which has been in continuous use since its inception. The British Crown dependencies of Guernsey and Jersey produce their own local issues of sterling: "Guernsey pound" and "Jersey pound". The pound sterling is also used in the Isle of Man (alongside the Manx pound),〔Currency Act 1992 (an Act of Tynwald)() section 1)〕 Gibraltar (alongside the Gibraltar pound), the Falkland Islands (alongside the Falkland Islands pound), Saint Helena and Ascension Island in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (alongside the Saint Helena pound). The Bank of England is the central bank for the pound sterling, issuing its own coins and banknotes, and regulating issuance of banknotes by private banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Banknotes issued by other jurisdictions are not regulated by the Bank of England; local governments use Bank of England notes as backing for local issuance by allowing them to be exchanged 1:1 at face value. Sterling is the 4th most traded currency in the foreign exchange market, after the United States dollar, the euro, and the Japanese yen. Together with those three currencies it forms the basket of currencies which calculate the value of IMF special drawing rights, with an 11.3% weighting (USD 41.9%, Euro 37.4%, Yen 9.4%). Sterling is also the 3rd most held reserve currency in global reserves (about 4%). ==Names== The full, official name, pound sterling, (plural: ''pounds sterling'') is used mainly in formal contexts and also when it is necessary to distinguish the United Kingdom currency from other currencies with the same name. Otherwise the term ''pound'' is normally used. The currency name is sometimes abbreviated to just ''sterling'', particularly in the wholesale financial markets, but not when referring to specific amounts; for example, "Payment is accepted in sterling" but never "These cost five sterling". The abbreviations "ster." or "stg." are sometimes used. The term "British pound" is commonly used in less formal contexts, although it is not an official name of the currency. The pound sterling is also referred to as "cable" amongst forex traders. The origins of this term are attributed to the fact that in the 1800s, the dollar/pound sterling exchange rate was transmitted via transatlantic cable. Forex brokers are sometimes referred to as "cable dealers". There is apparent convergence of opinion regarding the origin of the term "pound sterling", toward its derivation from the name of a small Norman silver coin,〔"sterling, n.1 and adj.". OED Online. December 2011. Oxford University Press. (Entry 189985 ). Retrieved 28 February 2012.〕 and away from its association with Easterlings (Germanic traders) or other etymologies.〔Entry "sterling", at http://www.dict.org/bin/Dict?Form=Dict3&Database=gcide〕 Hence, the Oxford English Dictionary (and sources derived therefrom) state that the "most plausible" etymology is derivation from the Old English ''steorra'' for "star" with the added diminutive suffix "-ling", to mean "little star" and to refer to a silver penny of the English Normans.〔 As another established source notes, the compound expression was then derived: However, the perceived narrow window of the issuance of this coin, and the fact that coin designs changed frequently in the period in question, led Philip Grierson to reject this in favour of a more complex theory. For further discussion of the etymology of "sterling", see sterling silver. The currency sign for the pound sign is £, which is usually written with a single cross-bar (as on sterling bank notes), though a version with a double cross-bar (₤) is also sometimes seen. This symbol derives from medieval Latin documents; the Roman words ''libra'', ''solidus'', and ''denarius'' (£sd) referred to pounds, shillings and pence〔 in the British pre-decimal (duodecimal) currency system and the black-letter "L" was the abbreviation for ''libra'', the basic Roman unit of weight. The ISO 4217 currency code is GBP. Occasionally, the abbreviation "UKP" is used but this is non-standard because the ISO 3166 country code for United Kingdom is GB (see Terminology of the British Isles). The Crown dependencies use their own (non-ISO) codes: GGP (Guernsey pound), JEP (Jersey pound) and IMP (Isle of Man pound). Stocks are often traded in pence, so traders may refer to pence sterling, GBX (sometimes GBp), when listing stock prices. A common slang term for the pound sterling or pound is ''quid'', which is singular and plural, except in the common phrase "Quids in!" The term may have come via Italian immigrants from "scudo", the name for a number of coins used in Italy until the 19th century; or from Latin 'quid' via the common phrase ''quid pro quo,'' literally, "what for what," or, figuratively, "An equal exchange or substitution".〔The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition. Houghton Mifflin. 20 August 1992.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「pound sterling」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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